Roth IRA Calculator

Project Roth IRA growth with after-tax contributions. Free Roth IRA calculator.

A Roth IRA calculator projects how a Roth Individual Retirement Account grows over time. The defining feature of a Roth is that you contribute after-tax dollars now, and both the contributions and all the growth can be withdrawn tax-free in retirement, provided the account has been open at least five years and you are 59 1/2 or older. Because the money compounds without the drag of annual taxes on gains, the long-term payoff can be substantial.

This calculator applies the same compound-growth math used for any investment account, but frames the results around Roth rules: the monthly contribution cap, the contribution phase-in for high earners, and the tax-free withdrawal at the end. Enter your starting balance, how much you plan to add each month, an estimated annual return, and the number of years to grow. The tool splits the final balance into the lump-sum portion and the contribution portion so you can see which source drove the growth.

principal

contributions

growth

Result

658,684

Breakdown

Future Value
48,699
Contributions Value
609,985

About Roth IRA Calculator

What is roth ira calculator?

A Roth IRA calculator projects how a Roth Individual Retirement Account grows over time. The defining feature of a Roth is that you contribute after-tax dollars now, and both the contributions and all the growth can be withdrawn tax-free in retirement, provided the account has been open at least five years and you are 59 1/2 or older. Because the money compounds without the drag of annual taxes on gains, the long-term payoff can be substantial. This calculator applies the same compound-growth math used for any investment account, but frames the results around Roth rules: the monthly contribution cap, the contribution phase-in for high earners, and the tax-free withdrawal at the end. Enter your starting balance, how much you plan to add each month, an estimated annual return, and the number of years to grow. The tool splits the final balance into the lump-sum portion and the contribution portion so you can see which source drove the growth.

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter your initial investment.
  2. Enter your monthly contribution.
  3. Enter your estimated annual return.
  4. Enter your years to grow.
  5. Click the "Calculate" button.
  6. View your result instantly — the main result is displayed prominently at the top with a detailed breakdown below it.

When to use this calculator

  • Projecting decades of Roth IRA tax-free growth before retirement
  • Comparing a Roth IRA against a Traditional IRA for your tax bracket
  • Estimating how maxing out annual Roth contributions compounds over 30+ years
  • Seeing whether starting now versus five years later changes the final balance
  • Planning backdoor Roth conversions by modeling conversion growth

How the calculation works

The Roth IRA calculator splits growth into two parts, just like a generic investment projection. Lump sum growth: FV_lump = P x (1 + r)^n, where P is the initial balance, r is the monthly rate (annual return / 12), and n is the number of months. Contribution growth: FV_contrib = C x [(1 + r)^n - 1] / r, where C is the monthly contribution. Total = FV_lump + FV_contrib, and under Roth rules the entire total is tax-free on qualified withdrawal. For example, $6,000 invested initially plus $500/month at 7% for 30 years: r = 0.005833, n = 360, FV_lump = 6,000 x (1.005833)^360 ~= $45,800, FV_contrib = 500 x [(1.005833)^360 - 1] / 0.005833 ~= $609,600, total ~= $655,400. Note that the $186,000 of out-of-pocket contributions produced over $655,000 of tax-free retirement money.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is compound interest?
Compound interest is interest calculated on the initial principal plus all accumulated interest. It causes wealth to grow exponentially over time.
How often should interest compound?
More frequent compounding (monthly or daily) yields slightly higher returns than annual compounding, though the difference over short periods is small.

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